Marketing in Practice - Cadbury Company in the UK Free Essay Example, 2750 words

Understanding consumer motivation and behavior is not an option- it is an absolute necessity for competitive survival (Engel, Blackwell and Miniard, 1986). Gummesson (1994) has proposed that successful management of process demands that the seller emphasizes the use of customer behavior data for bonding the seller to the customer as the basis for sustaining purchase loyalty. Here in the case of Cadbury, due to unsafe product (chocolate) supply to shops and failing to immediately inform the authorities after discovering the traces of food poisoning, which ultimately triggered salmonella outbreak has affected the image of Cadbury and due to this incident, consumers may lose trust in its products. Court observations and actual food poisoning and salmonella outbreak, as well as reporting of incidents in the media, adversely affected the Cadbury overall image. Concerns of executives due to this incidence are that the buyers may lose trust and it may harm the overall sale of Cadbury prod ucts apart from the losses due to infected products and court proceedings and compensation. So there is a need to start of an image building program for Cadbury and for that purpose, one has to take research about consumer s attitudes and opinions about the Cadbury brand. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing in Practice - Cadbury Company in the UK or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Consumer s suggestions may be obtained through conducting a questionnaire survey at retailers point. Another way to find out consumers view is through suggestion boxes at retailers point as well as through telephones or E-mails.

Globalization A New Concept - 2248 Words

Asma Alsahafi Michael ELS Fort Wayne 13 April 2016 Even though many people think globalization is a new concept, globalization already existed before the First World War. According to Well (2001), in the early years of the nineteenth century, before the First World War started, people who lived at that time, were able to invest their money or sell products to other people and buy products from other people who might live in other countries with unlimited boundaries. Between the beginning of the First World War and the end of the Second World War, the acceleration of globalization went up and down and this was influenced by many factors. The main period when the movement of goods went down was during the war. Neither the†¦show more content†¦So, the best definition to understand the globalization concept is the one that covers all these dimensions. In Al-Rodhan’s (2006, June 19) opinion, â€Å"Globalization is a process that encompasses the causes, course, and consequences of transnational and transcultural integrati on of human and non-human activities.† Globalization has several impacts on every aspect of people s lives. For example, the effect of globalization on the environment. The industrial countries want to increase their income and keep their economic positions. They try to build more factories without thinking about the emission which cause a lot of environmental problems, such as global warming, water pollution, air pollution, the ozone layer hole, and depletion of resources. Globalization affects not only on the environment, but also all their dimensions, and the focus here is in the effect of globalization on economics, culture, and education. The first impact we discuss in this paper is the effect of globalization on the economic. Economists defend the globalization from their perspective in different ways, and not all of them have agreement on one definition. One of those definition is â€Å"Globalization is about the changing costs of economic interactions across distance and the effects these changes in the geographical distribution of economic activity.† (Crafts Venables, 2003). And this is not the only definition, there are many of

Essay on Exhaust Analysis Osygen Sensor Developed by...

Oxygen Sensor [7] This device was developed by Robert Bosch GmbH in the 1960s and is also called the Lambda Sensor. The purpose of the sensor is to determine the amount of oxygen in its surroundings. It plays a very important role in automotive vehicles in determining the amount of oxygen present in the exhaust gases. By knowing the same, we can improve electronic fuel injection and emission control. They he to observe in real-time if the air-to-fuel ratio of combustion engine is rich or lean. Since the sensor is present in the exhaust system, they do not directly determine the optimality of the air-to-fuel ratio, but when the information of the sensor is coupled with information from other sources, it can be used to improve overall†¦show more content†¦Carbon monoxide results in a slightly rich burn and NOX indicates a lean burn. Failure or damage of the sensor indicates the use of unleaded fuels containing silicon or silicates. The data from the sensor instructs the ECU to continuously adju st the amount of fuel charged into the engine. The engine operates in a slightly lean and slightly rich burn in successive loops. This helps in maintaining an average which is very close to the stoichiometric ratio. The sensor element is encased in a ceramic cylinders both inside and outside with platinum electrodes and the entire assembly is wrapped in metal gauge. The sensors work effectively at high temperature. When the temperature is at and above 3160C (6000F). Most new sensors are equipped with their own heating elements. There are three main types of oxygen sensors. They are: 1. Zirconia Sensor Made of zirconium dioxide or zirconia it is based on a fuel cell called the Nerst cell. It gives an output of 0.2V DC to show a lean mixture in which the air entering the system is enough to fully oxidize the fuel to CO and then CO2. An output of 0.8V represents a rich mixture which contains unburnt HC and low in O2. The ideal value is approximately 0.45V. The air-to-fuel ratio is 0.5% of the optimum stoichiometric ratio. The advantage of this sensor is that it is most sensitive near the ideal stoichiometric ratio whereas it is very insensitive and ineffective when mixture is very lean or very rich. This is type of

The Code Of Chivalry Value Honesty, Honor, Valor, And Loyalty

The knightly code of chivalry value honesty, honor, valor, and loyalty; however, each era adapt and manipulate the code. The dark ages of King Arthur adopted the code along with the conduct aligned with the Christian religion. Knightly chivalry is means to fear God serve, pledge your loyalty to their lord, live honorable, tell the truth, respect women, never refuse a challenge, eschew unfairness, meanness, and deceit, protect the weak and defenseless, and it goes on (Alchin). The reality of true knightly hood is impossible. You cannot successfully abide by them all without breaking one. The duty of the knight is a task of utter perfection. The knight has a responsibility to protect all, but it is depicted time after time in all forms of media of those who value riches and power. Sir Gawain of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is about a knight of King Arthur usually fabled in many stories of the times. Sir Gawain in this version is well known throughout many Arthurian stories for his loyalty, humility, and chivalrousness. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, these qualities are clearly manifested as Gawain undergoes many trials which put his character to the test, for he is knightly, to a fault. During this time period it isn’t easy to disobey this code. The medieval period the Lord of the land is supreme rule. The Lord are their providers, so you cannot bite the hand that feeds you. Gawain is a knight who values loyalty above all. Sir Gawain’s tale begins withShow MoreRelatedSir Gawain And The Green Knight Code Analysis824 Words   |  4 PagesKnight, Sir Gawain obeys a code of knightly conduct that revolves around a few key principles. Today, these principles do not carry the same importance and influence as they did in 14th century Middle England. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a chivalric romance story, representing the importance of the chivalric code. Sir Gawain always keeps his promises, obeys his lord, and enters combat to uphold his reputation of bravery. These comprise part of the code of chivalry, the principle of utmost importanceRead MoreChanges to Knighthood throughout the Years942 Words   |  4 Pagesadvanced instructions in military subjects and morals. The original medieval nights were originally servants who kept their lords lands after they served in their lords armies. With time christian values were added to knighthood â€Å"involving respect for the church, protection of the poor and the weak, loyalty to one’s feudal or military superiors, and preservation of personal honour† (Knight 3). These became known as the knights orders they followed to achieve greatness. The first recognized

Whispered Thesis Help Secrets

Whispered Thesis Help Secrets Among them, choosing the right literature before starting with the thesis is extremely crucial. When you wish to give out the very best thesis statement, you ought to start thinking about it from the start. A thesis is unarguably the most significant portion of academic fulfillment. In the event the content of your thesis isn't unique then may be the possibility of rejection of your undertaking. The Unusual Secret of Thesis Help Thesis paper has a specific format and it must be maintained. It's understandable if students are unfamiliar with thesis statements. It is clear that you need to turn over the ideal dissertation paper to your thesis advisor and for this reason below are some heads-ups for you which is likely to make your job of dissertation writing a bit simpler. The primary purpose behind writing a very good thesis statement is to give readers a great idea about what the thesis is about. 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Cloud Infrastructure For Securing IOT Device and Data

Question: Discuss about theCloud Infrastructure for Securing IOT Device and Data. Answer: Introduction/Description In the current scenario cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) are creating waves across all application areas. IoT encompasses a variety of communicating devices namely RFID, wireless sensors, etc. which make use of wired or wireless medium or cellular networks (3G, 4G) to transfer data and is increasingly employed in a variety of smart monitoring and control applications [1]. IoT devices are flexible as they make use of different technologies, services and standards, therefore, they are generating a lot of interest in machine-to-machine (M2M) communications and in the areas of ICT applications, at least for the next decade as perceived by many experts [2]. Therefore, IoT can be understood as a collection of devices which work collaboratively in many applications involving data communications. In spite of these benefits, IoT devices are constrained by limitations in their storage, processing capacity and there are a number of issues related to security, privacy, reliability and performance. Hence, data streams transmitted by IoT devices are not fully secure and are vulnerable because of their open nature. Cloud computing offers ubiquitous IT services in and has virtually unlimited capacities and capabilities to provide processing power, storage, network, and infrastructure. Cloud computing is characterized by service models and deployment models. Service models offer a unique set of computing resources to suit different needs. Cloud computing models have the capability to handle IoT devices and can partially solve IoT requirements. In this report, the integration of IoT and cloud computing is explored because these two areas are setting the trend for new novel IT paradigm and viewed as the future internet. The merging of these two areas is also known as CloudIot paradigm [3]. The report will discuss the need for cloud security infrastructure for IoT to ensure secure device and data management. The report also provides summaries on IoT architecture and how cloud architecture can handle IoT devices and complement each other to resolve issues in privacy, security, confidentiality and performance. Background IoT and cloud have evolved independently and rapidly through these years, but their characteristics are found to complement each other. The aspects of cloud and IoT that complement each other are found in the areas of reachability, computational capabilities, storage, their role on the internet, computing elements and displacement. The characteristics related to these aspects in the case of IoT are: limited reachability, limited compute capability, very limited or no storage, point of convergence for data and IoT devices are pervasive. IoT devices are also difficult to manage because they are distributed. Likewise, the aspects for cloud are unlimited resources and services, virtual resources, unlimited storage, easy scalability, and a means of service delivery on the internet. Cloud computing management is centralized and hence easy to manage and enforce controls. Due to these characteristics, there is an emerging interest in integrating IoT devices in cloud services to have the bene fit of using unlimited cloud resources to overcome the limitations in IoT devices [4]. To understand the security risks posed by IoT, the generic architecture of IoT is first understood for its vulnerabilities. The IoT architecture is made up of four layers: Perception layer, Network layer, Middleware or separation layer and Application layer. Each layer is vulnerable to different security issues. Some of the security vulnerabilities in IoT architecture include eavesdropping, spoofing, RF jamming attacks, man-in-the-middle attack, DoS, phishing and sniffing attacks. Data streams from IoT devices are vulnerable to these attacks. Hence, security in IoT devices is highly crucial. The security objectives in IoT will include authentication, confidentiality, and integrity. Any data breach in any of these objectives will quite likely compromise the device and data. Cloud computing infrastructures are developed using industry best practices to comply with global security management standards (ISO, ITIL, PCI-DSS, etc.) and hence these three areas of authentication, confidentiality and integrity are mandatory requirements in any type of cloud infrastructure. In cloud services every user is established and permissions granted accordingly. Authentication process validates an individual user from his/her username and passwords to verify with their cloud profile [5]. In the case of IoT, the device will need to authenticate itself to participate in the cloud infrastructure and hence it makes use of a custom encapsulation mechanism called the smart business security IoT application protocol [6]. This protocol will establish cross-platform secure communications with encryption and authentication to enhance IoT development capabilities. Confidentiality and Integrity are major aspects of cloud computing because data is distributed across different data centers in databases. Therefore, confidentiality is asserted for user profiles to protect their data and allows for information security protocols applied at different layers in the cloud infrastructure. Integrity refers to data consistency, durability, and isolation in cloud environments. The existing management systems in relation to confidentiality and integrity in IoT context is analyzed for key management systems are applied [7]. There are four major frameworks in key management systems namely key pool framework, mathematical framework, negotiation framework and public key framework. These frameworks are not suitable for IoT. Hence to ensure the integrity and confidentiality more lightweight encryption methods involving XOR manipulation and anti-counterfeiting and privacy protection [8] to handle IoT devices as they are resource constrained. Confidentiality and in tegrity in IoT include security mechanisms such as data encryption methods that make data unreadable for neighboring devices. The aspect of availability in IoT relates to continuous streams of data which merge well with the ubiquitous service availability in the cloud. In summary, it can be noted that IoT and cloud infrastructures though have evolved separately, can be integrated to provide many benefits. The aspects that are common to both IoT and cloud paradigms are compared and discussed. IoT devices have many limitations in terms of resources and are vulnerable to security breaches. Cloud infrastructures make use of global security standards which can complement IoT devices in overcoming their security issues and participate in the network with secured data and device managements. References D. Miorandi, S. Sicari, F. De Pellegrini, I. Chlamtac, Survey internet of things: vision, applications and research challenges, Ad Hoc Networks. 10 (7) (2012) 14971516. D. Boswarthick, O. Elloumi, O. Hersent, M2M Communications: A Systems Approach, first ed., Wiley Publishing, 2012. H.-C. Chao. Internet of things and cloud computing for future internet. In Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 2011. Aitken, R., Chandra, V., Myers, J., Sandhu, B., Shifren, L., Yeric, G., 2014. Device and technology implications of the internet of things. In: VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers, 2014 Symposium on. pp. 1-4. Ramgovind, S., Eloff, M.M., Smith, E. The Management of Security in Cloud Computing. IEEE 2010, pp. 1-4. Y. Zhao, Research on data security technology in internet of things, in: 2013 2nd International Conference on Mechatronics and Control Engineering, ICMCE 2013, Dalian, China, 2013, pp. 17521755 R. Roman, C. Alcaraz, J. Lopez, N. Sklavos, Key management systems for sensor networks in the context of the internet of things, Comput. Electrical Eng. 37 (2), 2011, pp. 147159. J.-Y. Lee, W.-C. Lin, Y.-H.Huang, A lightweight authentication protocol for internet of things, in: 2014 International Symposium on Next-Generation Electronics, ISNE 2014, Kwei-Shan, 2014, pp. 12

Diary of Anne Frank free essay sample

Focusing on this Diary written be Anne Frank, it posses a picture of Endurance as her strong human spirit, through the revulsion of Holocaust. Some of the quotes portrayed in her work, clearly indicate the perseverance that she undergone as little girl, who in any way did not give up the struggle. â€Å"Who would ever think that so much, went through the soul of a young girl†(Frank 3), These were the words of Anne trying to portray how much she was going through in the attempt to cope with the uncouth times of Holocaust. Their movement to Amsterdam implied that they had to change their usual lifestyle, meaning that Anne had to adapt to the new form of lifestyle which she was not familiar with. Anne had to mingle with the new villagers, who did not understand her way of life and therefore, regarded her to be annoying (Frank 3). The story of Anne Frank depicts the aspect of brutality by the Jews during the reign of the famous leader Adolf Hitler and the Axis of power at the period of the World War 2. The reader can infer that Mr. Dussel is become more irritable, as well as Anne. This quote is controversial when compared to the scene before this quote. The scene earlier is Anne and Mr. Dussel getting along well, as Anne is showing Mr. Dussel how to adjust to life in the Annex. I feel Anne said this not against Mr. Dussel, but as a source of venting in this diary entry. It seems as she is changing as the story progresses, as she matures, but gets aggravated many times as well, since it is very adverse living in such clandestineness. I can relate this to my own life, since at many times when activities are hard, or even boring, I can get irritable to those around me. For instance, when I was studying for the Duke TIPS S. A. T in seventh grade, I got very frustrated since the work was above my level. As my father walked in once, I got very upset when he only intended to ask me a question. This also caused me to have many questions such as: * Will Anne become more irritable throughout the story? * Will the characters get along smoothly for the remainder of their stay, or will they all change as Anne is? * Why did the author write ofa quarrel between Anne and Mr. Dussel? Is it to show the impact of Anne changing, since the scene before the two of them are getting along? Or is it foreshadowing more events such as these? I Everything she does is right, and everything I do is wrong! (p. 168) | Anne says this in frustration after Mrs. Van Daan yells at her for spilling milk on her coat. This xpresses another Anne because it suggests that Anne sees herself changing, that she envisions a different self. I feel that Anne says this because to her, everybody in the Annex shows more favoritism to Margot then her, especially her mother. On the outside it seems Anne cant always control her temper, as she strives to be more like Margot, who is patient and calm. On the inside, she is Jealous of Margot, wanting to have more of an attitude like hers, and convey a better personality to others, contrary to what shes done. Also Anne is younger, so it is understandable that shed look up to an older sibling. I can relate to this because many times in our family, I feel as if my parents favor my older sibling over me. I have the same feelings as expressed in this quote, as it is hard to be more mature than somebody older. This quotation suggests change in Anne, as she herself wants to change, and be more socially civil is losing her temper, it also shows maturity, as she is maturing. This quote shows that she is maturing because she now realizes her impact on others, and wants to be more like Margot, who is quite a role model to her. Some questions that occurred were: * Will Anne keep maturing as she is already? Will she change, and be less irritable throughout the story? I In spite of everything, I believe people are really good at heart (p. 512) | This is Annes quote from the end of the story, out of her diary, when Mr. Frank is reading it. Anne is expressing her very noble and humane take on people, which is very hard to persist throughout her experience. This is more of a flashback at the moment, as in reality Anne is dead. This shows that throughout the story, Anne went from the bad Anne outside and the good Anne inside to the good Anne outside and the bad Anne inside which is what she was trying to ccomplish from the beginning. The good/bad Anne quote was from page. 478, while talking to her father. This shows how mature Anne really was, as though the Nazis invasions and cruelty, she kept that hope inside of her, to keep her going, in a belief of liberation. This shows great change, from the start with a Jejune or Juvenile character, toa wise and astute character. I l have a nice side father a sweeter, nicer side. But Im scared to show it. Im afraid that people are going to laugh at me if Im serious. (p. 478) | Anne says this to her father at the end of Scene 4.